Brain train­ing does not nec­es­sar­ily mean com­put­er­ized games. For instance, medi­a­tion may be a great tool to train your brain.

Dif­fer­ent parts of the brain sup­port dif­fer­ent func­tions. One func­tion, cen­tral to many of our actions, is “atten­tion”. Atten­tion can be defined as the abil­ity to sus­tain con­cen­tra­tion on a par­tic­u­lar object, action, or thought.
It can also be defined as the abil­ity to man­age com­pet­ing demands in our environment.connections between neu­rons, die. In the brain it is sup­ported mainly by neu­ronal net­works in the pari­etal (yel­low in the fig­ure) and frontal (blue in the fig­ure) lobes.

What can be done to main­tain and boost such a fun­da­men­tal ability?

Dr. Andrew New­berg (Asso­ciate Pro­fes­sor in the Depart­ment of Radi­ol­ogy and Psy­chi­a­try at the Uni­ver­sity of Penn­syl­va­nia), here inter­viewed by Alvaro Fer­nan­dez (CEO of Sharp­Brains) sug­gests that med­i­ta­tion may have cog­ni­tive ben­e­fits, espe­cially related to attention:

“At its core, med­i­ta­tion is an active process that requires alert­ness and atten­tion, which explains why we often find increased brain activ­ity in frontal lobes dur­ing prac­tice. Usu­ally you need to focus on some­thing — a mantra, a visual or ver­bal prompt– while you mon­i­tor breath­ing.
A vari­ety of stud­ies have already shown the stress man­age­ment ben­e­fits of med­i­ta­tion, result­ing in what is often called Mind­ful­ness Based Stress Reduc­tion. What we are research­ing now is what are the cog­ni­tive — atten­tion, mem­ory– ben­e­fits? It is clear that mem­ory depends on atten­tion and the abil­ity to screen out dis­trac­tions — so we want to mea­sure the effect of med­i­ta­tion on the brain, both struc­turally and func­tion­ally.“
(Read the full inter­view in The Sharp­Brains Guide to Brain Fit­ness)

Exam­ples of such sci­en­tific stud­ies are those by M. Pos­ner, a pio­neer researcher in the domain of atten­tion, cur­rently an Emer­i­tus Pro­fes­sor of Neu­ro­science at the Uni­ver­sity of Oregon.

A few years ago, Pos­ner and his col­leagues ran­domly assigned par­tic­i­pants to either an Inte­gra­tive Body-Mind Train­ing (IBMT) or to a relax­ation train­ing. Both train­ings lasted 5 days, 20min per day. IBMT is a med­i­ta­tion  tech­nique devel­oped in China in the 1990s. It stresses a bal­anced state of  relax­ation while focus­ing atten­tion. Thought con­trol is achieved with the help  of a coach through pos­ture, relax­ation, body-mind har­mony and balance.

The  results of this study showed that after train­ing, par­tic­i­pants in the IBMT train­ing  group showed more improve­ment in a task mea­sur­ing atten­tion than the con­trol group. The IBMT train­ing also helped reduced cor­ti­sol lev­els caused by men­tal stress.

In a follow-up study the team found out that IBMT sub­jects in China had increased blood flow in the right ante­rior cin­gu­late cor­tex (a part of the frontal lobe) after receiv­ing train­ing for 20 min­utes a day over five days. This showed that med­i­ta­tion does indeed change the brain and thus its functioning.

In sum, med­i­ta­tion may be a poten­tially pow­er­ful tool to train the brain. No com­puter needed!

Related post: Mind­ful­ness and Med­i­ta­tion in Schools for Stress Management

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